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English reading practice - Nelson's Birth (C1/C2 Advanced learners)

In British naval history, few figures shine as brightly as Lord Horatio Nelson. His name is synonymous with courage, leadership, and unwavering devotion to duty. As the commander who secured British naval supremacy during the Napoleonic Wars, Lord Nelson left an indelible mark on the course of history.


Horatio Nelson was born on this day 29th September 1758, in Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk, England. From a young age, he exhibited a deep fascination with the sea, and at the tender age of 12, he joined the Royal Navy. His early naval career was marked by daring and determination, traits that would become his hallmark in the years to come.


By the time Nelson was 20, he had already achieved the rank of captain, a testament to his exceptional leadership skills and tactical acumen. His rapid ascent through the ranks reflected his innate talent for naval warfare, and he quickly gained recognition for his bold and unconventional tactics.


The zenith of Nelson's naval career came during the Battle of Trafalgar on October 21, 1805. Leading a British fleet against the combined French and Spanish forces, Nelson executed a daring strategy that would forever secure his place in history. In a move that defied conventional naval warfare, he ordered his ships to break the enemy line, targeting the Franco-Spanish fleet's centre and rear.


The battle was fierce, and Nelson himself was mortally wounded, succumbing to his injuries later that day. However, his audacious tactics proved victorious, and the British emerged triumphant. The Battle of Trafalgar not only thwarted Napoleon's plans for an invasion of Britain but also established British naval supremacy for the next century.


Lord Nelson's legacy is not limited to his military achievements. His indomitable spirit and unwavering sense of duty continue to inspire generations. His famous signal to his fleet before the Battle of Trafalgar, "England expects that every man will do his duty," is immortalised as a testament to leadership and patriotism.


By Beata May - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20038655


Nelson's Column, a towering monument in London's Trafalgar Square, stands as a lasting tribute to his contributions. Numerous streets, statues, and institutions across the world bear his name, serving as a reminder of his enduring influence.


Lord Horatio Nelson's life and career epitomise the spirit of heroism, bravery, and dedication to one's country. His legacy transcends time and remains a source of inspiration for those who aspire to greatness. As the man who secured British naval supremacy during a critical period in history, Lord Nelson will forever be remembered as a symbol of valour and leadership in the annals of naval warfare.


Check your understanding

  1. Who was Lord Horatio Nelson, and why is he regarded as an important figure in British naval history?

  2. Where and when was Lord Nelson born, and what were some early signs of his fascination with the sea?

  3. How did Lord Nelson's career in the Royal Navy progress, and what qualities contributed to his rapid rise through the ranks?

  4. What were the key events and significance of the Battle of Trafalgar, and how did Lord Nelson's leadership play a crucial role in the outcome?

  5. Beyond his military achievements, what aspects of Lord Nelson's legacy continue to inspire and commemorate his contributions, both in the United Kingdom and around the world?

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