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English reading practice - Record Breakers - Reaching New Heights (C1/C2 Advanced)

In the ever-evolving world of architecture and engineering, where towering skyscrapers have become a norm, there's an undeniable allure to claiming the title of the tallest building in the world. Enter the Burj Khalifa, a majestic masterpiece that pierces the sky at a breathtaking 828 meters (2,716 feet 6 inches), making it the undisputed champion of the skyline.


Rewind to March 1996 when the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, briefly basked in the glory of being the world's tallest office building. However, the title was soon snatched away by Taiwan's Taipei 101 in 2003, soaring to a towering 508 meters (1,666 feet). Not to be outdone, Dubai embarked on a monumental mission, commencing the construction of the Burj Khalifa just one year later.


The Burj Khalifa was not just another skyscraper; it was destined to be a 'vertical city.' This colossal structure was set to redefine the limits of architectural achievement. Initially conceived at 518 meters tall, the Burj's design grew by a staggering 310 meters – approximately the height of the Eiffel Tower in France.


Construction commenced on September 21, 2004, and the exterior was proudly completed on October 1, 2009. Battling the elements, the Burj's neo-Futurist-style design, with its Y-shaped cross-section, cunningly defied the forces of wind. The Burj is designed to sustain seismic activities to a certain level. It can move in any direction about 1.5 meters.


The Burj Khalifa is a testament to superlatives and colossal numbers. Over 12,000 individuals from across the globe worked tirelessly on its construction. An astounding 26,000 hand-cut glass panels adorn its exterior. Cleaning the structure from top to bottom takes a whopping three months – a task not for the faint-hearted.


On January 4, 2010, the Burj Khalifa officially opened its doors, certified as the tallest building on the planet. Guinness World Records attested to its towering achievements, from having the tallest elevator (504 meters) to boasting the most floors in a building (163) and the highest restaurant from ground level (441.3 meters).


By Donaldytong - commons:File:Burj Khalifa.jpg, originally from the author as noted below. Deleted from Commons by admin King of Hearts 5 November 2012., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37469604


One of the Burj's crown jewels is its observation deck, standing tall at 555.7 meters (1,823 feet 1.9 inches). While once the highest in the world, it now shares the sky with China's Shanghai Tower. The Burj Khalifa continues to be a stage for record attempts, hosting a jaw-dropping New Year's Eve fireworks display in 2015, setting the record for the highest fireworks on a building.


As the Burj Khalifa stands proudly, it faces potential competition from the Jeddah Tower in Saudi Arabia, formerly known as the Kingdom Tower. Designed by the same architect, Adrian Smith, this ambitious project aims to reach an astonishing 1,000 meters (3,281 feet), surpassing the Burj by 170 meters (550 feet).


As we gaze up at the Burj Khalifa, marvelling at its height and grace, we can't help but wonder: Is it possible to build even farther into the sky? Only time will unveil the next chapter in the ever-ascending saga of architectural marvels. Until then, let the Burj Khalifa reign supreme as the symbol of human ingenuity and determination, reaching new heights and breaking barriers in the pursuit of the extraordinary.


Check your understanding

  1. What were the initial height plans for the Burj Khalifa, and how much did it ultimately grow during the design process?

  2. Who were the key players involved in the development and design of the Burj Khalifa, and what architectural features were implemented to mitigate the effects of wind?

  3. When did the construction of the Burj Khalifa begin, and when was the exterior of the structure completed?

  4. What are some of the notable records held by the Burj Khalifa, as confirmed by Guinness World Records?

  5. What potential rival in the Middle East is currently under construction, and who is the architect behind its design? How does its proposed height compare to that of the Burj Khalifa?


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Vocabulary
  1. Neo-Futurist: A design style that evolved from the futuristic movement of the mid-20th century, characterised by innovative, unconventional, and often avant-garde forms.

  2. Seismic activities: Pertains to the vibrations or movements in the Earth's crust caused by the sudden release of energy, usually associated with earthquakes.

  3. Superlative: Expressing the highest degree of quality, characteristic, or feature; exceptional or outstanding.

  4. Colossal: Extremely large or massive in size, scope, or degree; gigantic.

  5. Ingenuity: Cleverness, originality, and resourcefulness in solving problems or overcoming challenges.

  6. Ambitious: Showing a strong desire and determination to succeed, often involving a challenging goal or undertaking.

  7. Spectacle: A visually striking or impressive display or performance that captures attention and admiration.

  8. Jaw-dropping: Extremely surprising, astonishing, or impressive, causing one's jaw to drop in amazement.

  9. Ingenuity: Cleverness, originality, and resourcefulness in solving problems or overcoming challenges.

  10. Ascend: To rise or move upward, often used metaphorically to indicate progress or increasing height.

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